01
Alloy 20 Ground Rod, Close Band
Stock held inside the tightest band our grinders will hold at that size.
Request Availability →Alloy 20 Centreless-Ground Rod
Centreless-ground Alloy 20 rod for pump shafts, valve stems and seal faces that cannot drift.
Copper at 3.0–4.0%
Copper holds the passive film of this Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod alive under reducing conditions, which is what carries it through sulfuric acid.
Niobium Tied to Carbon
Moreover, niobium plus tantalum at eight times carbon stabilises this Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod, so a weld zone needs no post-weld anneal.
Nickel Above a Third
Furthermore, nickel at 32.0–38.0% puts chloride stress corrosion cracking out of reach for this centreless-ground rod.
PRODUCT OVERVIEW
About Alloy 20 Centreless-Ground Rod
Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod comes out of UNS N08020, the niobium-stabilised nickel-iron-chromium grade built around its copper content. Copper between 3.0% and 4.0% and nickel between 32.0% and 38.0% carry this Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod through acid duty.
Grinding works the full length at once, so we fix the diameter band and the runout at order entry rather than after the first cut. We supply this centreless-ground rod to ASTM B473 and ASME SB473 in hot-finished, annealed and cold-finished states, with the ASTM B462 forging route above the bar ceiling and ASTM B472 behind the billets. The heat number, the anneal and quench route we ran and the EN 10204 3.1 report travel with every centreless-ground rod consignment.
Meanwhile, the niobium addition is what lets a fabricated vessel of this centreless-ground rod go into service without a solution treatment after welding. The full chemistry window and the physical data behind this centreless-ground rod sit on our Alloy 20 material page, should you want to cross-reference them.
PRODUCT FEATURES
Key Features of Alloy 20 Centreless-Ground Rod
Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod comes out of UNS N08020, the niobium-stabilised nickel-iron-chromium grade whose copper content carries it through sulfuric acid. We supply ASTM B473 centreless-ground rod ground to a controlled diameter and roundness band, polished on request for acid plant, pickling house liquor and tankhouse duty. Every Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod consignment travels with heat-number traceability, EN 10204 3.1 mill test reports and full export documentation.
Alloy 20
Copper at the Signature Level
For example, 3.0–4.0% copper in this centreless-ground rod keeps the passive film alive where a plain austenitic grade loses it.
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Wide Acid Concentration Span
Specifically, the copper addition lets this centreless-ground rod serve across a broad sulfuric acid range rather than only at one end.
02
Niobium Stabilisation
Moreover, niobium plus tantalum at eight times carbon keeps the weld zone of this centreless-ground rod stable without a furnace pass.
03
Chloride Cracking Out of Reach
Therefore, nickel above a third of the analysis gives this centreless-ground rod immunity to chloride stress corrosion cracking.
04
Cold Work Sets the Strength
In addition, nothing in this centreless-ground rod responds to aging, so drawing is the only route above the annealed floor.
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No Hardness Figure Applies
Besides, B473 carries no hardness column, so this centreless-ground rod clears on chemistry and tensile results alone.
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Sour Service Listed
Consequently, NACE MR0175 covers this centreless-ground rod at the condition that document names, and we document that condition per heat.
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Essentially Non-Magnetic
Finally, the austenitic matrix keeps this centreless-ground rod non-magnetic for instrument and seal work.
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WHY CHOOSE US
Why Choose Alloy 20
A ground length holds its line only as well as the grinder that produced it. Moreover, we pin down the grinder band and the runout on this Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod before quoting.
01
Duty Read Before Pricing
We record the acid, its concentration and its temperature for your Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod before proposing a delivery state.
02
Certificates Tied to the Heat
Specifically, each centreless-ground rod consignment carries EN 10204 3.1 papers, heat numbers and dimensional records.
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One Route for Welders and Machinists
In addition, this centreless-ground rod flows through one process whether your shop welds it into a vessel or turns it on a lathe.
04
Terms Stated in Writing
Quotations for this centreless-ground rod name the acid, the section, the finish and the document set rather than leaving them open.
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Reliable Production For Critical Applications
Producing Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod runs from charge balancing through to the final pack. We log each stage behind this Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod against its own heat number.
01
Charge Weighing
We take nickel, chromium and copper as the charge for this centreless-ground rod and verify the analysis first.
02
Melting and Refining
First, the charge for this centreless-ground rod melts and refines under AOD practice that brings carbon down to the ceiling.
03
Niobium Addition
Next, we add niobium so that this centreless-ground rod carries eight times the carbon content in the finished analysis.
04
Hot Reduction
Then, forging and rolling reduce the ingot to this centreless-ground rod section between 1230 °C and 925 °C.
05
Stabilising Anneal
After that, we hold this centreless-ground rod between 927 °C and 1010 °C so the niobium carbide goes back into solution.
06
Water Quenching
We then drop this centreless-ground rod into the tank, because a slow pass through 600–900 °C would precipitate carbide and sigma.
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Pickling and Finishing
Subsequently, pickling, turning or grinding brings this centreless-ground rod to the ordered size and surface.
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Testing and Release
Finally, we clear this centreless-ground rod for dispatch once chemistry, tensile and dimensional checks come back.
Manufacturing Facility
MANUFACTURING CAPABILITY
Advanced Production For Nickel Alloy Products
One schedule carries both stock lengths and bespoke heats of Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod. Besides, we quote this Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod through our bar and rod program.
20,000+ m²
Factory Area
Hot working, annealing, quenching and finishing lines behind the centreless-ground rod share this site.
50+
Production Machines
Units for hot working, annealing, quenching and grinding of this centreless-ground rod.
600 Tons
Monthly Capacity
Centreless-ground rod tonnage across stock lots and bespoke heats.
30+
Technical Engineers
Metallurgists who write the anneal and quench plan that this centreless-ground rod follows.
30+ Countries
Export Reach
In addition, sealed export packing sends this centreless-ground rod to buyers on five continents.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Strict Quality Control From Production To Delivery
Nothing leaves until the heat behind your Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod clears our ISO 9001 route. In addition, the checks on this Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod follow the requirements the order names.
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Heat Identification
We match the grade and heat number on this centreless-ground rod to your purchase order before anything leaves the yard.
02
Chemistry Verification
Specifically, copper, nickel and niobium in this centreless-ground rod go against the B473 table for your lot.
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Tensile Verification
In addition, every heat of this centreless-ground rod carries reported tensile, yield and reduction-of-area values measured against the B473 floor.
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Quench Record Referenced
The cooling record behind this centreless-ground rod travels with its EN 10204 3.1 papers.
PRODUCT FORMS
Available Product Forms
The list below covers the variants we quote for Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod from your drawing rather than a stock list. In addition, this list covers the deliveries ordered most often for this Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod.
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Alloy 20 Ground Rod, Standard Band
Stock ground to a commercial band that suits pump and valve work.
Request Availability →
03
Alloy 20 Polished Ground Rod
Ground stock taken to a low roughness for sealing faces.
Request Availability →
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Alloy 20 Ground Shaft Blank
Blanks ground with the runout and the length fixed on the drawing.
Request Availability →
05
Alloy 20 Custom Ground Rod
Grinder band, runout and length taken from your drawing.
Request Availability →
APPLICATIONS
Engineered For Demanding Industries
Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod suits plant where sulfuric acid sits in the process rather than visiting it. In addition, the list below sets out where this Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod serves.
Discuss Your Application →
01
Alloy 20 Sulfuric Acid Pump Shafts
Shafts ground to hold size inside a pump that runs acid day and night.
02
Alloy 20 Valve Stem Blanks
Stems ground for packings that will not tolerate diameter drift.
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Alloy 20 Mechanical Seal Faces
Seal parts ground to a roundness band a drawing can state.
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Alloy 20 Metering Pump Plungers
Plungers ground for dosing pumps that inject acid into a process.
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Alloy 20 Agitator Shaft Journals
Journals ground to carry bearings under continuous vibration.
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Alloy 20 Instrument Spindle Stock
Spindles ground for transmitters mounted on corrosive lines.
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Alloy 20 Hydraulic Ram Rods
Ram stock ground for actuators on acid plant valves.
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Alloy 20 Piston Rod Sections
Rod sections ground for reciprocating pumps in chemical duty.
TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Technical Specifications
Detailed technical information including chemical composition, mechanical properties, standards and available dimensions.
Chemical Composition
ASTM B473 prints one chemistry window for this centreless-ground rod, holding nickel between 32.0% and 38.0% and copper between 3.0% and 4.0%. Moreover, niobium plus tantalum in this centreless-ground rod has to reach eight times the carbon content.
Meanwhile, the full composition table on the Alloy 20 material page carries every limit behind this centreless-ground rod.
Mechanical Properties
The floors in the table below come from the B473 bar table for UNS N08020. Therefore, the ordered condition and the ruling section settle final acceptance of Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod.
| Condition | Tensile Strength, min. | Yield Strength (0.2%), min. | Elongation, min. | Reduction of Area, min. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stabilised Annealed — UNS N08020 | ≥551 MPa (80 ksi) | ≥241 MPa (35 ksi) | 30% | 50% |
| Strain Hardened, up to 2 in (50.8 mm) | ≥620 MPa (90 ksi) | ≥415 MPa (60 ksi) | 15% | 40% |
- ASTM B473 prints four columns and no hardness column against UNS N08020, so release rests on chemistry and tensile results rather than on an indenter reading. The 217 HB and 95 HRB figures that circulate for this grade belong to ASTM B463, which covers plate, sheet and strip, and they do not apply to bar. Consequently, we quote the annealed and strain-hardened results and leave hardness out of the acceptance sheet.
Physical Properties
Published design data puts the density of this centreless-ground rod near 8.08 g/cm³ and its melting range between 1385 °C and 1443 °C. In addition, a modulus close to 193 GPa and a relative permeability near 1.004 leave this centreless-ground rod non-magnetic in service.
Therefore, the physical properties table on the Alloy 20 material page holds the conductivity, the resistivity and the expansion figures for this centreless-ground rod.
Heat Treatment
The water quench is the step that defines this Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod, because the section has to leave the stabilising anneal fast enough to keep carbide and sigma phases out of the grain boundaries. Moreover, the forging band finishes above 925 °C for a different reason: this grade risks incipient melting near 1200 °C.
| Condition | Typical Treatment |
|---|---|
| Stabilised Annealed | Held between 927 °C and 1010 °C, then water quenched, so the niobium carbide returns to solution |
| Hot-Worked | Forged between 1150 °C and 1230 °C, finishing above 925 °C because the section risks incipient melting near 1200 °C |
| Slow-Cool Caution | Passing slowly through 600–900 °C precipitates carbide and sigma phases, so the quench follows the anneal without delay |
| Strain Hardened | Cold drawn after the anneal, with the strength taken from the reduction rather than from a furnace |
| Cold-Forming Limit | Heavy cold forming sends the section back through the stabilising anneal before it enters service |
| Stress-Relief Caution | A relief pass inside the sensitising band costs corrosion resistance, so the alternative is settled before it is booked |
| Post-Weld Anneal | Most joints enter service as welded, because niobium at eight times the carbon content keeps the weld zone stable |
Standards
ASTM B473 is the bar, rod and wire document behind this centreless-ground rod, issued by ASTM International. Moreover, ASTM B462 covers forged sections of this centreless-ground rod while ASTM B472 governs the billet it is reforged from.
| Standard | Product or Application |
|---|---|
| ASTM B473 / ASME SB473 | Bar, rod and wire, stabilised annealed |
| ASTM B462 / ASME SB462 | Forged bar, forging stock, flanges and fittings |
| NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156-3 | Sour service, at the condition that document sets |
Beyond that, the standards table on the Alloy 20 material page carries the European designations and the flat-product call-outs for this centreless-ground rod.
Dimensions
The table below lists the centreless-ground rod sizes we ship most often, while the route, the document and the lot size decide what else is possible. Please confirm your own size, section and length with the inquiry.
| Product Form | Typical Supply | Length |
|---|---|---|
| Centreless-Ground Rod | 3-100 mm dia., ground all over | Cut to length |
| Ground Rod, Close Band | About 0.013 mm band on the smaller sizes | Cut to length |
| Ground Rod, Standard Band | About 0.025 mm band on the larger sizes | Cut to length |
| Polished Ground Rod | Ground then polished to a lower roughness | Cut to length |
| Ground Shaft Blank | To drawing with the runout stated | Cut to length |
| Custom Ground Rod | To drawing | Custom |
Grinding removes the centres and works the whole length at once, so a ground rod holds a straightness figure that a turned rod cannot. Furthermore, the diameter band and the runout are both fixed by the grinder rather than by the mill, which is why we agree them before the bar goes on the machine.
Surface Finishes
The surface you order on this centreless-ground rod decides how the part feeds, seals and resists attack. Consequently, we settle the condition of this centreless-ground rod before the price goes out.
| Surface Condition | Typical Use |
|---|---|
| Centreless Ground | Grinding sets the diameter, the roundness and the straightness of this centreless-ground rod in one pass. |
| Bright Annealed | An anneal under protective atmosphere keeps this centreless-ground rod oxide-free for instrument duty. |
| Peeled and Polished | Peeling followed by polishing gives this centreless-ground rod a smooth surface for shaft and seal work. |
In contrast, the surface finishes table on the Alloy 20 material page lists the further conditions open to this centreless-ground rod.
Related forms from the same heat cover Alloy 20 Forged Bar, Alloy 20 Hex Bar and Alloy 20 Hollow Bar when your centreless-ground rod order needs them.
TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION
Download Technical Datasheet
Get detailed information including specifications, standards, dimensions and material properties.
HOW TO START
Start Your Order in 6 Simple Steps
A single coordinator stays with your Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod enquiry from the first question to the loading bay. In addition, stock of this Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod leaves inside fifteen days, and a freshly annealed heat takes about thirty.
1
Give Us the Duty
Send the acid, its concentration and its temperature together with the size, quantity and standard this centreless-ground rod faces.
2
Settle the State
Then we lock the anneal cycle, the delivery condition and the tolerance band on this centreless-ground rod.
3
Read the Offer
Pricing for this centreless-ground rod comes back by size, quantity and destination port.
4
Sign off the Order
We need your written confirmation of the specification, the terms and the schedule for this centreless-ground rod.
5
Book the Witness Points
Next we schedule any third-party inspection or dimensional review of this centreless-ground rod before production starts.
6
Ship and Document
This centreless-ground rod reaches you with mill papers, a packing list and the certificate set.
CERTIFICATIONS & QUALITY DOCUMENTATION
Certifications & Quality Documentation
Our production and inspection processes are certified to international standards, and every delivery ships with EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificates.
ISO 9001:2015
Quality Management System
PED 2014/68/EU
Pressure Equipment Directive
ASTM / ASME
Material Standards Compliance
EN 10204 3.1
Mill Test Certificates
FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions
Which standard covers this Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod?
ASTM B473 and ASME SB473 cover this Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod, with the ASTM B462 forging route taking over above the bar ceiling.
Does this centreless-ground rod carry a hardness limit?
No. B473 prints tensile, yield, elongation and reduction of area with no hardness column, so we release this centreless-ground rod on those four figures.
Does this centreless-ground rod qualify for sour service?
Yes. NACE MR0175 covers this grade, and the condition it sets for your centreless-ground rod is what we document per heat.
Which filler metal suits this centreless-ground rod?
ER320LR bare wire to AWS A5.9 joins this centreless-ground rod, with E320LR covered electrodes to AWS A5.4 for manual work.
Why does this centreless-ground rod ship water quenched?
A slow pass through 600–900 °C precipitates carbide and sigma at the grain boundaries, so each centreless-ground rod heat leaves the anneal straight into the tank.
Does a weld in this centreless-ground rod need a post-weld anneal?
Usually not. Niobium at eight times the carbon content stabilises the matrix, so most centreless-ground rod joints stay serviceable as welded.
What is your MOQ for this centreless-ground rod?
Trial lengths of this centreless-ground rod are welcome, and one piece covers most stock sizes.
What are your trade terms for this centreless-ground rod?
Trade terms for this centreless-ground rod open on FOB, and EXW, CIF or DAP follow once we know the destination port.
What is the lead time for this centreless-ground rod?
Stock sizes of this centreless-ground rod ship in 7 to 15 days, while a made-to-order annealed heat needs about 30 days.
Do you provide EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 certificates for this centreless-ground rod?
EN 10204 3.1 papers cover every heat of this centreless-ground rod, and we can arrange a 3.2 endorsement.
REQUEST FOR QUOTATION
Need A Custom Alloy Solution?
The diameter band and the runout you can accept drive the price of this Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod. Send those two figures with your quantity and we will quote.
Your Alloy 20 centreless-ground rod inquiry passes through the anneal, the finish and the document scope before any price goes out. We build to the signed sheet, and the full paper set travels with this centreless-ground rod.
